Preheat oven to 400ºF (200ºC) and prepared parchment-lined baking sheet.
In a large bowl, whisk together flour, sugar, baking powder, cinnamon, cardamom, orange zest and salt. In a small bowl, whisk together buttermilk, egg and vanilla.
Using a box grater (or similar), grate the cold butter into the flour mixture and toss everything together with your hands until evenly distributed. Pour wet ingredients over flour mixture and stir everything together just until integrated. Fold in chopped cranberries. The dough should be crumbly but beginning to get sticky.
Turn dough onto a floured surface. Using your hands, gently press the crumbs together. Fold the dough over, press and shape again, then rotate 90 degrees and repeat the process as needed. The dough will still be a little crumbly, but it will start to form together. As soon as it holds into a cohesive piece, work with your hands to gently pat it into a 1½-inch (3 cm) thick circle about 7 inches (18 cm) in width and cut it into 6 wedges. Lift each scone with a spatula and transfer them to the baking sheet, placing them about 1 inch apart. Brush scones with remaining buttermilk and sprinkle with coarse sugar.
Bake for 28-30 minutes or until the tops are golden and the edges are browned. Remove from oven and let sit on baking sheet for 5-10 minutes. Transfer to a wire cooling rack to cool for another 5-10 minutes. Serve warm!